Hostility, anger, and rage are best understood as derivatives of an underlying perception of threat or transgression.
Psychologists
Aaron Beck
American psychiatrist (1921-2021) at the University of Pennsylvania who founded cognitive therapy and is widely regarded as the father of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Trained originally as a psychoanalyst, Beck broke with Freudian orthodoxy in 1961 after his own systematic studies of depression contradicted the inverted-anger hypothesis. He formulated the cognitive triad of automatic thoughts about self, world and future, developed the Beck Depression Inventory in 1961 and more than a dozen further measurement scales, and in 1994 co-founded the Beck Institute with his daughter Judith. Named one of the five most influential psychotherapists of all time in 1989, he authored 25 books and over 600 articles before dying at home aged 100.
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Aaron Beck's Other Quotes
The thoughts or cognitions occur automatically, and may be regarded as the patient's automatic interpretations of his experiences.
The cognitive model proposes that distorted or dysfunctional thinking (which influences the patient's mood and behavior) is common to all psychological disturbances.
There is more to the surface than meets the eye.
If your thinking is bogged down by distorted symbolic meanings, illogical reasoning, and erroneous interpretations, you are, in truth, blind and deaf.
Related Quotes
Anger, if not obeyed, fades; once it enters the mind and pervades habit, vice becomes law.
-- Seneca
It is not things that disturb us, but our judgments about things.
-- Epictetus
Rats, like men, can be expected to develop expectancies about goals and means.
-- Edward C. Tolman
You largely constructed your depression. It wasn't given to you. Therefore, you can deconstruct it.
-- Albert Ellis
The cool system enables future-oriented decisions; the hot system makes them difficult.
-- Walter Mischel