Burning of books, burying of scholars.
焚書坑儒

Politicians
Qin Shi Huang
First emperor of China (259-210 BC). In 221 BC he unified the warring states, invented the title huangdi, and standardised script, weights, and currency. Builder of the first Great Wall; reviled for book-burning.
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Source: 司馬遷『史記』秦始皇本紀 (前213-212年の言論統制を後世が要約した四字熟語)Verified