We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

Thomas Jefferson

Politicians

Thomas Jefferson

Third U.S. president (1743-1826) and the primary author of the Declaration of Independence. He wrote "all men are created equal" while owning more than 600 enslaved people over his lifetime and fathering at least six children with Sally Hemings, an enslaved teenager in his household. As secretary of state, vice president, and president he authored the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, doubled the country's territory through the Louisiana Purchase, dispatched the Lewis and Clark expedition, and founded the University of Virginia. He died on July 4, 1826, the 50th anniversary of independence, only hours before his lifelong rival and friend John Adams.

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